牡丹亭简介 牡丹亭简介讲解

1、柳梦梅与杜丽娘爱情故事。两人牡丹亭幽会之后杜丽娘便一病不起，柳梦梅掘墓开棺，杜丽娘起死回生，两人结为夫妻，经历一番挫折，最后终成眷属。

2、贫寒书生柳梦梅梦见在一座****的梅树下立着一位佳人，从此经常思念她。南安太守杜宝之女杜丽娘，从老塾师陈最良读书。她读《诗经·关雎》而伤春、寻春，在梦中与一书生幽会于****的牡丹亭畔。

3、丽娘醒后，因相思而一病不起。她在弥留之际，要求母亲把她葬在****的梅树下，嘱咐丫环春香将其自画像藏在太湖石下。其父升任淮阳安抚史，委托陈最良葬女并修建“梅花庵观”。三年后，梦梅赴京应试，借宿梅花观中，在太湖石下拾得杜丽娘画像，发现画中人就是梦中的佳人。

4、丽娘魂游后园，再度与梦梅幽会。梦梅根据丽娘的嘱咐掘墓开棺，丽娘起死回生。二人一齐到了京城临安。梦梅考中了状元。丽娘遇见在外避难的母亲和春香，解除了父亲对梦梅的误会，全剧以大团圆结局。

昆曲牡丹亭游园惊梦唱词，游园惊梦-昆曲《牡丹亭》选段简介很多人还不知道，现在让我们一起来看看吧！
1、中文名：游园惊梦类型：昆曲作者：汤显祖创作年代：明朝作品出处：《牡丹亭》类别：传统戏剧《游园惊梦》是昆曲《牡丹亭》的一个曲目。
2、作者为中国明代戏曲家汤显祖，其中最为引人入胜的当属杜丽娘与柳梦梅那亦真亦幻的爱情故事。
3、杜丽娘深受封建礼教的束缚，一日，背着父母和塾师，和丫环春香到后****游春，花香鸟语，触景伤情，游倦之后，回房休息。
4、在梦中与书生柳梦梅在****中相会，并有许多花神一起来为他们做媒。
5、杜丽娘的母亲来到床前将女儿唤醒，母亲看见女儿神情恍惚；嘱咐她以后少去后****。
6、杜丽娘虽然应允，但心里仍在追恋梦境，不久竟忧郁成疾。

《牡丹亭》又称《还魂记》，是一部文学史上及剧坛上极有名的巨著。作者汤显祖，明朝江西临川人。故事简介：南宋时期的南安太守杜宝只生一女，取名丽娘，年十六岁，尚未许配。杜宝为了使女儿成为识书达理的女中楷模，为她请了位年已六十的老秀才陈最良。因陈上《诗经·关雎》惹动了丽娘的情思。伴读的使女春香，偶而发现了杜府后的****，并引领丽娘偷偷游了****。久困闺房的丽娘，在大好春光的感召下，动了访春之情。丽娘回屋后，忽作一梦。梦见一书生手拿柳枝要她题诗，后被那书生抱到牡丹亭畔，共成云雨之欢。丽娘醒来后，恹恹思睡，第二天又去****，寻找梦境。失望之下相思成病，形容日渐消瘦下去。一日照镜子，见自己一下瘦成那个样子，忙叫春香拿来丹青、素绢，自画春容，并题诗一首于上。她又把梦镜说与春香，并让春香把那画叫裱画匠裱好。杜宝夫妇听说女儿病重，忙叫陈最良用药，让石道姑来念经，但都不见效。
　 中秋之夜，丽娘天逝。死前，嘱咐春香把春容装在紫檀木匣里，藏于****太湖山石下，又嘱母亲把她葬在****牡丹亭边的梅树之下。这时，投降了金国的贼王李全，领兵围淮、扬，朝廷升杜宝为淮、杨安抚使，立即动身。杜宝只得匆匆埋葬了女儿，并造了一座梅花庵供奉丽娘神位，又嘱托石道姑和陈最良照料。杜宝即带夫人和春香前往淮安，因军事危急，半路上杜宝让夫人和春香乘船回了临安。
　　广州府秀才柳梦梅，原柳春卿，因一天梦见一****中，有一女立在梅树下，说她与他有姻缘，才改名柳梦梅。柳梦梅去临安考试，路得进宝臣苗舜宾援助。走到南安时，柳病宿梅花庵。柳病渐好时，偶游****，恰在太湖石边，拾到丽娘的春容匣子，回到书房，把那春容挂在床头前，夜夜烧香拜祝。丽娘在阴间里一呆三年，阎王发付鬼魂时，查得丽娘阳寿未尽，令其自己回家。丽娘鬼魂游到梅花庵里，恰遇柳生正在对着自己的真容拜求。丽娘大受感动，与柳生欢会，自称是西邻之女。他们两人的夜夜说笑声，惊动了石道姑。一天夜里两人正说笑，被突然来的石道姑冲散。第二天夜里，丽娘只好得向柳生说出真情，并求柳生三天之间挖坟开棺。柳生只好把实情告诉了石道姑，并求她帮助。第二天，他们挖坟开棺，使丽娘还魂。道姑怕柳生与杜丽娘事情被发觉，当夜雇船，三人一道去了临安。
　　陈最良发现丽娘坟被盗，忙去扬州告诉杜安抚。陈最良还没到淮安就被叛军俘获，李全听说陈最良是杜家的家塾老师，又得知杜宝还有夫人和春香，就听从妻子的计策，谎说已杀了杜夫人和春香，然后放了陈最良。陈到淮安见了杜宝，即把小姐坟被盗，老夫人、春香被杀的事禀知杜宝，杜宝听后大恸。后杜宝忍痛修书两封，让陈最良送给李全和李的妻子，封官许钱、招降了李全，淮安围解。
　　丽娘他们到临安，在钱塘江边住下，等柳生知道考试时，考试时间已过，多亏主考官是苗舜宾，才得以补考。这时，因淮、扬兵事，朝廷延期放榜。丽娘让柳生先去扬州看望她父母。柳生走后不久，来临安的老夫人和春香因天晚找宿处恰与丽娘、石道姑相遇。柳生到了扬州，听说杜在淮安，又去淮安见杜宝。杜宝以为女儿已死，何以有女婿，并以柳生假冒罪名，令人拿下押往临安侯审。杜宝回到临安，因军功升为宰相，陈最良升为黄门奏事官。这时，榜下，柳中了状元，可到处找柳不着。原来柳正被杜宝吊打，因为在柳身上搜出了丽娘的春容，在杜宝认为柳是盗墓贼。这时，苗舜宾听说后，赶到杜府，救下了柳生。苗告诉杜宝，柳生已考中状元。杜正气恼时，陈最良来到，说小姐确实又活了，柳生就是女婿。杜认为是鬼妖之事，请奏皇上，灭除此事。
　　陈把此事告诉皇上，皇上要宰相、小姐、柳生、老夫人都前来对证。金銮殿里，众人齐到，皇上用镜子照，看有无影子、断定丽娘确实是活人。杜宝硬说丽娘、老夫人都是鬼魂所变的，后经皇上裁决让他们父女、夫妻相认。丽娘又劝柳生拜认了岳父杜宝，全家人大团圆。

The Peony Pavilion

“The Peony Pavilion” is a masterpiece by Tang Xianzu, the greatest poet playwright of the Ming dynasty (1368-1644). In an utterly refined and languidly poetic style, the play reveals romantic yearnings and afflictions of love endured by the young in the feudalistic society of China. Its central theme proclaims the significance of an ultimate triumph of ‘love’ over ‘reason’. This daring and avant-garde subject, which is an outcry against the suppressive tradition, together with the moving poetics of the language, makes the poet’s endorsement of freedom of love between the two young protagonists a lasting force in the history of Chinese literature and theater.

In the early years of the Southern Sung dynasty (1127-1279), a beautiful young lady named Du Liniang, daughter of the Governor of Nanan, was strictly educated and could not step out of her chambers without her parents’ permission. One day without her parents’ knowledge Du went into the garden with her maid. Watching the splendor of the spring at its peak, she was overcome with deep feelings. In a drowsy trance, she dreamt that she had a secret rendezvous with a young scholar under a plum tree by the side of the Peony Pavilion. Ever since returning from the garden, she was haunted by memories of her dream lover and, after seeking the dream in vain, fell ill and soon died of a broken heart. After her death, Du’s spirit kept searching for the young scholar. Her persistence won over the Judge of the Netherworld and she was allowed to be reincarnated.

Three years later, a young scholar named Liu Mengmei stayed at the temple where Du was buried. He wandered in the garden and came across Du’s portrait. The young lady in the portrait looked familiar and he could not help calling her. In response to his calling, the young lady came out of the picture. He fell in love with her even though he learnt that she was a ghost. On the following day, Liu dug up Du’s grave and opened the coffin. Du came back to life and married Liu. The couple lived happily thereafter.

Su Yuan (Sweeping the Garden)

Du Liniang tells her maidservant to call in the gardener sweeping the petals off the garden paths. So she can take a walk in there.

You Yuan (A Stroll in the Garden)

Du Liniang, accompanied by her maidservant, enters the garden for the first time in her life. The spring flowers are in full bloom. The young lady is struck by the beauty of nature and suddenly feels the joys, as well as the pains, of life.

Jing Meng (An Interrupted Dream)

Tired from the stroll in the garden, Liniang falls asleep in her chambers and dreams that she returns to the garden, encounters a young man under a plum tree and has an intimate moment with him. Awakened from the dream by her mother, Liniang feels that her real life is aimless and confined.

Xun Meng (Dreamland Revisited)

Liniang revisits the garden where she dreamed of passions. Haunted by the sweet memories of the dream, she longs to meet in real life the charming young man. Realizing, however, the impossibility of another encounter with him, she sinks into despair. When leaving the garden, Liniang foresees her own tragic ending: to die soon of this affliction of love.

Li Hun (Keening)

Seeking her dream in vain, Liniang falls ill and dies in autumn. Before her death, Liniang asks her maid to place her self-portrait in a box and hide it underneath a rock. She also asks her mother to bury her under the plum tree in the garden. After death, Liniang’s ghost keeps on her pursuit of love.

Shi Hua (Finding a Portrait)

One spring, Liu Mengmei, a sensitive and lovelorn young scholar on his way to the capital for an imperial examination, falls ill and finds his pied-a-terre at Mei Hua Guan (Apricot Blossom Taoist Temple). After a few days of recumbency and medication he feels better, but much weakened physically and listless spiritually. In his attempt to buoy up his spirit, he decides to take a stroll in a locally garden. The garden, it turns out, once part of a grand estate, is nothing now but a waste land of weeds and wild bushes. The ruined garden has increased his nameless melancholy. While staggering along and lamenting the desolate sight, he comes across a portrait half hidden under a rock. Upon further examining he becomes certain that it is a portrait of Guan Yin, the Goddess of Mercy; for the beauty of the lady in the portrait is such that he has not seen or imagined possible before. In his current state of mind, Liu thinks it wise to take home with him the portrait, in hope that the lady in the portrait — should she indeed be the Goddess of Mercy — would bestow upon him some spiritual solace and mental peace. He somberly promises the lady in the portrait love and respect before he takes leave of the garden carrying the portrait.

Jiao Hua (Calling to the Portrait)

Mengmei figures out that the portrait is a lady’s travel log. The poem on the portrait reminds him that in last spring he had a dream. Dreamt that he was in a very large garden and there was a beautiful girl standing under the plum tree. It is the lady in the portrait. After composing a poem to her, Mengmei hangs the portrait on the wall and calls to her.

You Hui (A Romantic Encounter)

Liu hangs Du’s portrait on the wall and calls to her. Du’s ghost, wandering in the garden, hears him. She comes to his room, sees the portrait, and decides to meet him. Not knowing that she is a ghost, Liu is surprised by such a visit from a beauty and falls in love with her. The two have a very passionate night.

Ming Shi (Pledging Love)

Du comes to meet Liu every night. Liu does not realize that he is in love with a ghost until the moment he proposes marriage. It is at that time that Du tells the truth. She also tells Liu that they can no longer see each other unless Liu takes some actions to bring her back to life.

Huan Hun (Returning to Life)

Following Du’s instructions, Liu digs up Du’s grave in the garden. Du comes back to life when Liu opens her coffin.

1、原文《皂罗袍》

明代：汤显祖

原来姹紫嫣红开遍，似这般都付与断井颓垣，良辰美景奈何天，赏心乐事谁家院。

朝飞暮卷，云霞翠轩，雨丝风片，烟波画船，锦屏人忒看的这韶光贱。

2、翻译赏析

这样繁花似锦的迷人春色无人赏识，都付予了破败的断井颓垣。这样美好的春天，宝贵的时光如何度过呢？使人欢心愉快的事究竟什么人家才有呢？雕梁画栋、飞阁流丹、碧瓦亭台，如云霞一般灿烂绚丽。和煦的春风，带着蒙蒙细雨，烟波浩渺的春水中浮动着画船。只有像我这样被阻隔在深闺中的女子，才辜负了这大自然的美好春光啊。

3、汤显祖（1550～1616）中国明朝戏曲家。字义仍，号若士。江西临川人。万历十一年（1583）进士，历任南京太常博士、詹事府主簿、礼部祠祭司主事，与顾宪成等东林党人过往甚密。十九年因抨击朝政，被贬为广东徐闻县典史。二十一年被任命为浙江遂昌知县，任职5年。

二十六年眼看横行不法的税监到来，他在北京述职后径直返回故里。晚年以茧翁为号。汤显祖的思想比较复杂矛盾，他视科举为唯一出路，同时又对科举、八股文字表示厌弃；30岁时潜心佛学，企图在宗教中寻求人生的意义，同时又讥笑服食丹药的迷信者和嘲讽佛学的轮回说教。

他思想中不同的侧面，都在他的戏曲创作中得到反映。但是，汤显祖以思想家李贽为友，强烈地反封建思想占据主导地位。汤显祖作有传奇《牡丹亭》、《邯郸记》、《南柯记》、《紫钗记》，合称《玉茗堂四梦》。《牡丹亭》则是他的代表作。